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Quercus pubescens Willd. 1805

Family: Fagaceae
synonym: Quercus humilis, Quercus lanuginosa
common name: oak

ETYMOLOGY: according to the interpretation most commonly accepted, the generic name is given by the union of the two Celtic terms Kaer, quer (fine) and cuez (tree). The specific attribute is referred to the fact that the buds and young leaves are covered with some tomentosità, easily perceptible to the touch

is an oak tree bearing a deciduous, medium sized (up to 25 meters), native throughout the south and east-central Europe, from the Pyrenees to Asia Minor. It is certainly more widespread and the oak is characteristic of the forests and hills of the low mountains of the Italian territory from the Alps to Sicily. In the northern regions occupies the lower end of the hills, until it reaches the plain, while those in central and southern replaces the Mediterranean from a certain height, forming pure woods or in intercropping with turkey, Hop-hornbeam, flowering ash and maple. It is kind of scarce and needs to slow growth, which colonizes the sunny slopes and shallow soils and bare, adapted to calcareous, clayey, or rocky and arid enduring best oaks in terms of relative dryness. It likes a sunny and very sensitive to frost prolonged .
is easily distinguished from other deciduous oaks because the leaves are still attached to the branches during the winter season.

the stem, usually short and sometimes winding, is divided soon also in large sinuous branches, forming a broad crown and globular in isolated specimens.
The cortex is formed by a ritidoma with deep ruts and rough plates divided into very hard, which is formed at a young age quite well and defends the plant from grazing fire

gems are pluriperulate, ovate, pointed and pubescent, at least at the margins of the bud, are available and are adpressed to the spiral branch

The twigs of the year are always very pubescent, grayish pubescence and obscures the view of the underlying lenticels, even the second-year twigs are grayish, the persistence of a slight pubescence.
The leaves are alternate and simple, polymorphic, usually elongated-ovate in profile (but you can find leaves, even on the same plant, more extended in the central part, of very variable size (from 3 to 10 centimeters), the apex obtuse and shortly cuneate or rounded at the base.
The foil is sometimes slightly asymmetric, with a maximum of 8 pairs of secondary veins and divergent, and may have 5-6 lobes with sinuses more or less deep, and sometimes sublobati also sharply toothed.
the foliation, the leaves are grayish green, densely pubescent, soon loses the upper side and the lamina pubescence becomes leathery, dark green, even the underside, with the advance of the growing season, loses much of pubescence, but remained lighter in color, the presence of epicuticular wax flakes organized covering part of the stomatal rim.
The petiole is short, 0.5 to 2 cm, and at first pubescent stipules are present at the base cuneate and ciliate, deciduous. The
phylloptosis is late and the young plants in the shoots and the leaves remain dry throughout the winter on the plant, but the seedlings remain green throughout the year.

acorns mature late in the year, in October, slender, small (2-3 cm), carried on short stems pubescent to groups of 3-4; have also enveloping the dome until the middle of the acorn acorn, made up of scales pubescent, grayish, adpressed triangular, smooth, protruding from the edge, they are very hungry but once the pigs were also consumed by the poorest populations